Other than the Kronia, there is only limited evidence of religious devotion to Cronus. Slaves were “permitted to run riot through the city, shouting and making a noise.” It is usually regarded as a celebration of the harvest. Slaves were released from their duties, and participated in the festivities alongside the slave-owners. In the Golden Age, the earth had spontaneously supported human life, and since labor was unneeded, slavery had not existed: "it was a period of thorough harmony in which hierarchical, exploitative, and predatory relationships were nonexistent." Accius describes the Kronia in order to explain its perceived influence on the Roman Saturnalia.The Kronia was a time for social restraints to be temporarily forgotten. The freedom from work and social egalitarianism enjoyed on the day represented the conditions of the mythical Golden Age, when Cronus still ruled the world.
The festival was also celebrated in parts of Ionia, and in these places the month was known as Kronion after the festival.The Roman playwright Accius says that to celebrate the Kronia, "In nearly all fields and towns they happily feast upon banquets, and everyone waits upon his own servants." Slaves and the free, rich and poor, all dined together and played games such as dice (kyboi), knucklebones (astragaloi), and the board game pessoi. Roman Forum: Temple of Saturn Originally celebrated on December 17, Saturnalia was extended first to three and eventually to seven days. Dedicated to the Roman god Saturn, the festival’s influence continues to be felt throughout the Western world. The Kronia was an Athenian festival held in honor of Cronus (Kronos) on the 12th day of Hekatombaion, the first month of the Attic calendar and roughly equivalent to the latter part of July and first part of August. Saturnalia, the most popular of Roman festivals.
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